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Pharmacological effect

Effect on the body

The mechanism of action of diazepam is its stimulation of benzodiazepine receptors with simultaneous activation of GABA receptors and inhibition in synapses that regulate the emotional sphere, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, reticular formation, and limbic system of the brain. Thanks to this effect, when using Valium, you can get several effects at once. Its ability to regulate the central nervous system gives the following results:

Sedative. The sedative effect is to relieve anxiety and restlessness and reduce the body’s reactivity to external stimuli and drowsiness. When using the drug in maximum quantities, inability to concentrate and absent-mindedness may occur. Overdose causes amnesia.

Anxiolytic. A person’s anxiety level decreases, fears and tension go away.

Sleeping pills. Inhibiting arousal in the brain and eliminating excessive arousal helps a person normalize sleep and ensures falling asleep quickly.

Anticonvulsant. The muscle relaxant effect of the substance blocks the conduction of impulses along interneurons located in the spinal cord. This allows you to stop seizures and reduce limb tremors.

The drug helps increase the pain threshold, reduces the need for peripheral tissues for oxygen, and eliminates syndromes caused by activation of the autonomic nervous system. All of the main effects of Valium are beneficial during the treatment of chronic alcoholism. It makes it much easier to survive the signs of withdrawal, stopping most of its symptoms. The medicine helps eliminate hand tremors, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, unmotivated aggression, convulsive syndrome, hallucinosis and reduces the severity of signs of alcoholic delirium.

Indications for the use of Valium

To get the desired result, you need to take the drug as prescribed. You should not use the drug without the advice of a doctor, as Valium causes many negative effects and leads to addiction.

Recommended Dosages

According to the instructions, the dosage of Valium for an adult is from 4 to 15 mg per day. It is necessary to take the drug by dividing the total dosage into two doses. Parenteral administration is 10-20 mg, and its frequency is determined by a specialist. Withdrawal syndrome is relieved by using a tranquilizer 10 mg up to 4 times a day. After which, it is recommended to switch to a maintenance dose of 5 mg 2-4 times a day.

Contraindications

The drug has many side effects. And in some cases, its use is contraindicated. Valium is not recommended for treatment in the following situations and diseases:

• glaucoma without fluid outflow (angle-closure)
• functional failure of the kidneys and liver
• respiratory disorders
• muscular asthenia
• sudden drop in pressure, state of shock
• loss of consciousness
• organic changes in the brain
• drug overdose and alcohol poisoning
• treatment with drugs that have a depressant effect on the nervous system
• intolerance to the active substance and additional components
• pregnancy and breastfeeding

Side effects

Before starting treatment, you should carefully read the instructions. Some patients may experience side effects when using Valium:

• severe drowsiness
• weakness, lack of activity
• myasthenia gravis
• bronchospasm
• drop in blood pressure
• hiccups (with rapid intravenous administration)
• dry mouth
• breathing problems
• decreased potency in men (disappears after discontinuation of the drug)
• paradoxical arousal
• nausea, vomiting, and intestinal upset
• hyperprolactinemia

If, after taking or administering the drug, negative symptoms are observed or intolerance is detected, you should immediately consult a doctor. It may be necessary to reduce the dose or reconsider treatment in favor of another tranquilizer.

Interaction with alcohol and other drugs

Treatment should never be combined with alcohol. If you take strong drinks at the same time as Diazepam, the likelihood of developing an adverse reaction increases significantly, even with the minimum dosage. Intoxication occurs faster, and pronounced inhibition of brain structures leads to loss of consciousness and a life-threatening condition.

When using the drug, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of its interaction with other drugs. Otherwise, overdose symptoms and negative reactions may be increased or sharply decreased:

• the likelihood of side effects increases with the use of anticoagulants and beta blockers
• the use of sleeping pills increases drowsiness and lethargy
• the use of muscle relaxants can lead to severe weakness and potentiation of the action of the tranquilizer
• joint treatment with antipsychotics increases their effectiveness

taking antidepressants neutralizes the effects of anxiolytics.